Njengazo zonke ezinye izinto ezisemkhathini wethu, iziqandisi kufanele zilalele umthetho oyisisekelo wesayensi yemvelo obizwa ngokuthi ukongiwa kwamandla.Iphuzu liwukuthi awukwazi ukudala amandla ngaphandle kweze noma wenze amandla anyamalale abe umoya omncane: ungakwazi ukuguqula amandla abe ezinye izinhlobo.Lokhu kunemiphumela ebaluleke kakhulu kubasebenzisi befriji.
Okokuqala, isusa inganekwane yokuthi ungakwazi ukupholisa ikhishi lakho ngokushiya umnyango wesiqandisi uvuliwe.Akulona iqiniso!Njengoba sibonile, isiqandisi sisebenza “ngokumunca” ukushisa kwekhabethe elibandayo ngoketshezi olupholile, bese simpompa uketshezi ngaphandle kwekhabethe, lapho sikhipha ukushisa kwalo.Ngakho-ke uma ususa inani elithile lokushisa ngaphakathi kwesiqandisi sakho, ngokombono, inani elifanayo ncamashi livela njengokushisa ngemuva (empeleni, uthola ukushisa okuthe xaxa okunikezwayo ngoba injini ayisebenzi kahle futhi iyacisha. ukushisa).Shiya umnyango uvuliwe futhi umane uhambisa amandla okushisa usuka kwenye ingxenye yekhishi lakho uwayise kwenye.
Umthetho wokongiwa kwamandla uyachaza nokuthi kungani kuthatha isikhathi eside kangaka ukupholisa noma ukuqandisa ukudla esiqandisini noma efrijini.Ukudla kuqukethe amanzi amaningi, enziwe ngama-athomu angasindi kakhulu (i-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo ngama-athomu amabili alula kakhulu).Ngisho nenani elincane loketshezi olusekelwe emanzini (noma ukudla) luqukethe aenkuluinani lama-molecule, ngalinye elithatha amandla ukuze lishise noma liphole.Kungakho kuthatha imizuzu embalwa ukubilisa ngisho inkomishi noma amabili amanzi: kunama-molecule amaningi kakhulu okushisa kunalapho ubuzama ukubilisa into efana nenkomishi yensimbi encibilikisiwe noma insimbi yomthofu.Okufanayo kusebenza ekupholiseni: kuthatha amandla kanye nesikhathi ukususa ukushisa oketshezini olunamanzi njengejusi yesithelo noma ukudla.Yingakho ukuqandisa noma ukupholisa ukudla kuthatha isikhathi eside.Akukhona ukuthi isiqandisi noma isiqandisi sakho asisebenzi kahle: kumane nje udinga ukwengeza noma ukususa amandla amakhulu ukuze wenze izinto ezinamanzi ziguqule izinga lokushisa lazo ngaphezu kwamadigri ambalwa.
Ake sizame ukubeka izibalo ezimbi kukho konke lokhu.Inani lamandla elidingekayo ukushintsha izinga lokushisa lamanzi libizwa ngokuthi amandla awo okushisa athile, futhi ama-joules angu-4200 ikhilogremu ngedigri celsius.Kusho ukuthi udinga ukusebenzisa amajoule angu-4200 wamandla ukushisa noma ukupholisa ikhilogremu yamanzi ngedigri eyodwa (noma ama-joule angu-8400 ngamakhilogremu amabili).Ngakho uma ufuna ukuqanda ibhodlela lamanzi ilitha (elinesisindo esingu-1kg) ukusuka ekamelweni lokushisa elingu-20°C ukuya efrijini elifana ne-−20°C, uzodinga ama-4200 × 1kg × 40°C, noma ama-joule angu-168,000.Uma indawo yokuqandisa yesiqandisi sakho ingasusa ukushisa ngamandla angu-100 watts (ama-joule angu-100 ngomzuzwana), lokho kuzothatha imizuzwana engu-1680 noma cishe ingxenye yehora.
Uyabona ukuthi kudingeka amandla amaningi ukupholisa ukudla okunamanzi.Futhi lokho, kuchaza ukuthi kungani iziqandisi zisebenzisa ugesi omningi kangaka.Ngokusho kwe-US Energy Information Administration, amafriji asebenzisa cishe amaphesenti angu-7 awo wonke ugesi wasekhaya (ocishe ufane nama-TV nemishini ehlobene nayo, futhi ungaphansi kwesigamu kune-air conditioning, esebenzisa amaphesenti angu-17 aphezulu).
Ishadi: Ugesi wasekhaya usetshenziswa ngokuphela: Iziqandisi zisebenzisa amaphesenti angu-7 kagesi wasendlini—ongaphansi kakhulu kuneziphephetha-moya noma izimiso zokushisisa.Iziqandisi eziyinhloko zasekhaya zisebenzisa cishe amaphesenti angu-77 kagesi weziqandisi usuwonke, amafriji esibili asebenzisa amanye amaphesenti angu-18, kanti amanye amayunithi ahlanganisa ingxenye esele.Umthombo:I-US Energy Information Administration,
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-02-2022